Consumers and their Brands
Understanding the relationship in China and Japan
Javier CalvarResearch International, China
Goutam MitraClient Service Department, Research International, Japan
INTRODUCTION
In a time when there is very little to differentiate between brands based on performance, performance in the cosmetics market can be regarded as a hygiene factor. Products are expected to perform to a certain standard regardless of the brand, and therefore what sets brands apart are the emotional associations established with consumers. Consequently, at the heart of any successful brand lie the functional and emotional needs the brand is trying to fulfill. Such brands...