The Impact of Response Styles in Surveys: A Simulation Study

Kjell Gronhaug and Morten Heide

A computer simulation study was conducted to estimate the impact of two response styles on the validity of results from regression and factor analyses.
  

The Impact of Response Styles in Surveys: a Simulation Study

Morten Heide Rogaland Research, Norway  andKjell Grnhaug Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration, Norway

INTRODUCTION

Response effects are factors that make the reported answers in surveys differ from the actual or true value of the variables being investigated (Bradburn & Sudman 1974).  Oskamp (1977, p 37) defines response sets, a term used synonymously with response styles as 'systematic ways of answering which are not directly related to the question content, but which represent typical behavioural characteristics of the respondents'. It has for long been recognised...

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