Summary
Issue advertisements are advertisements designed to change public opinion about a social issue rather than advocate or oppose a candidate or ballot question or sell a product or service. What effect do these advertisements have on perceived importance of the advertised issue and attitudes and knowledge about the featured policy? Results from an online experiment studying the effect of online issue advertisements suggest that issue advertisements can increase the salience of and knowledge about an issue. Issue advertisements can also persuade about the merits of a policy but only among individuals without attachments to major political parties.

Summary
Digital-music piracy takes a heavy toll on the music industry and the US economy. Losses are measured in the tens of billions of dollars. College students especially are problematic, downloading more than 1 billion illegal songs per year. This paper reports on a four-phase research project. Phases I and II mapped specific motivations for the behavior and attendant reinforcements and costs. Phase III tested a variety of advertising concept statements intended to reverse the behavior. Phase IV was an in-market survey of advertising campaigns across two college campuses. Two campaigns were significantly effective in reversing music piracy among college students.

Summary
The authors assessed psychological ownership as a potential persuasive advertising message appeal in social marketing efforts. Psychological ownership is a feeling of possession; it occurs when individuals feel that something is theirs even though they cannot hold legal title to it. Interestingly, the first study indicated advertising messages that generate psychological ownership yielded less favourable attitudes, word of mouth and willingness to pay price premiums among women. Women responded more negatively to messages that attempted to induce psychological ownership than to neutral messages. The adverse responses of women prompted the second study, in which both the psychological ownership message and cognitive capacity were manipulated. Results indicate that, in a limited cognitive capacity condition, women responded similarly towards higher psychological ownership and neutral advertising messages. Further, these effects were mediated by inferences of manipulative intent and not feelings of guilt. Theoretical and managerial implications are offered for marketers attempting to use psychological ownership as an advertising message strategy and gender as a segmentation strategy.

Summary
Mexico has the world's largest child obesity rate and the second-highest rate among adults. In response, in 2011 Mexico's government launched a marketing campaign to change behaviour. But many questions remain about the strategy the government has followed, and more broadly the role marketing can play in tackling the obesity crisis. The campaign has been criticised for not addressing the "real" problems - that most Mexicans don't understand what to eat or what constitutes a healthy diet - and there appears to be a lack of co-ordination with earlier anti-obesity efforts. The campaigns have also suffered from a lack of transparency over effectiveness results. Suggested improvements for future strategy include empowering people with the right information, target parents so kids will learn, and use multiple channels. Other considerations include food regulation.

Summary
Advertisers involved with social marketing are beginning to recognise the sea change that is coming due to the spread of interactive media usage throughout many subpopulations of interest. Unfortunately, models of how social marketing theory and practice should evolve have not been forthcoming, severely limiting the development of appropriate media usage strategies. This paper seeks to resolve this dilemma, in part, via discussion of how social marketing goals and objectives are challenged and advanced in this new environment. Advertisers must face inherent opportunities and challenges, as failure to do so will leave social agendas unfinished or unresolved, particularly as new and younger generations become principal targets.

Summary
Public service accountability is a large and complex topic. One important aspect of the accountability of a public service provider is that they should be aware of what matters to the recipients of their service. This paper uses the Metropolitan Police as a case study to explore some of the implications of this aspect of accountability. It concludes that sometimes having fewer data points leads to more comprehensive insight than having more.

Summary
With services continuing to dominate the gross domestic product, the marketing and advertising of services remain a core issue in the discipline. Because of their generally intangible nature, however, services often face unique challenges in developing effective and appropriate advertising strategies. Given the importance of promotional decisions to service practitioners, an assessment of the current literature guiding services-advertising decisions is important. In 1997, Carolyn Tripp published an overview of the services-advertising literature covering a 15-year period corresponding to services-marketing’s emergence and early development. Her overall conclusion was that the services-advertising literature lagged behind the services-marketing field in general. As a result, she proposed several specific areas that needed attention and suggestions for enhancing the quality of research on services advertising. In this paper, we provide an update to this research by identifying, classifying, and analyzing articles on services advertising that have been published since 1997. Although a number of services-advertising articles seem to have heeded Tripp’s various concerns, there is still much to be done on the topic. Hence, we provide additional direction for needed areas of research in the area of services advertising.

Summary
To promote prosocial concerns and call attention to social problems, public service advertising practitioners are increasingly trying to involve laypeople in creating and delivering persuasive campaign messages. An emerging media channel for these efforts is websites that feature user-generated content (UGC), particularly the video-sharing website YouTube. However, despite this trend, little is known about the extent to which a public service advertising video will be more effective depending on who produced it. Accordingly, this study empirically tests the degree to which the persuasive impact of a video differs depending on whether the producer is a layperson or an expert. We draw theoretical rationales from several areas to compare the impact of a perceivably similar producer and an expert producer on attitudes towards video, issue importance and behavioural intention. We also analyse how issue involvement moderates these producer effects. Implications for consumer educators, policy makers and marketers are discussed with specific reference to social media.

Summary
This study presents research conducted in France that builds (and tests) a framework for effectiveness of pro-nutrition public service announcements targeted at children. The study used the example of advertisements that encouraged children’s fruit consumption. “Child-relevance” of a campaign, which is created by using popular elements from commercial children’s food advertising, is found to be a key antecedent to effectiveness of pro-nutrition messages, both in terms of attitudinal and behavioral change. Further, it is also important to take care of the aspect of “campaign familiarity” and spend proportionate amounts of media budgets on public service messages in comparison to commercial food advertising.

Summary
Much discussion about the future of qualitative research has been concerned with our ability to immerse ourselves in the world of the individual, understanding the stories and narratives that underlie beliefs and attitudes. This paper argues for the importance of going beyond individual narratives to focus on the communities through which individuals find meaning and identity. In the post economic crisis world it is increasingly important to understand the dynamic way in which people make use of their communities of reference to develop attitudes and perspectives, particularly on the most difficult or contested social issues.